Yang Ling,Hu Yufeng,Shen Yue,et al.Comparative study of paint removal processes for aluminum alloy skin surface[J].Plating & Finishing,2024,(5):1-10.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-3849.2024.05.001]
铝合金蒙皮表面漆膜去除工艺对比研究
- Title:
- Comparative study of paint removal processes for aluminum alloy skin surface
- Keywords:
- aluminum alloy matrix ; composite paint layer ; paint removal process ; surface morphology
- 摘要:
- 为对比不同工艺去除铝合金蒙皮表面漆膜的效果及对基体材料的影响，分别采用机械打磨法、喷砂除漆法以及激光除漆法去除铝合金蒙皮表面的漆层，使用扫描电镜、激光共聚焦显微镜、拉曼光谱仪对除漆效果进行了表征。结果表明，机械打磨所用的 SiC 磨粒不仅会嵌入除漆表面，还会破坏漆层聚合物的化学结构，导致 Si 、 N-H 、 C-H 含量显著增大，无法避免基底损伤。喷砂除漆法的喷砂压力从 0.1 MPa 分别增大至 0.3 MPa 、 0.5 MPa 后，除漆表面冲击凹坑直径增大，表面粗糙度由 7.89 μ m 分别增大至 14.27 μ m 、 13.29 μ m ，误差较大，无法保证再喷漆的工艺质量。激光除漆法可以精细化控制除漆进程，将热输入量控制为 50.4 J/cm 2 时，表面漆层几乎完全去除，且基底表面未见明显损伤。本研究证明，激光除漆作为新兴除漆工艺，具备高效、参数可控、可实时监控等优势，在工业领域具有一定应用价值及发展潜力。
- Abstract:
- ： In order to compare the effects of different processes to remove the paint film on the surface of aluminum alloy skin and the effects on the substrate material ， the paint layer on the surface of aluminum alloy skin was removed by mechanical sanding ， sandblasting and laser paint removal methods ， respectively. Scanning electron microscope ， laser confocal microscope and Raman spectrometer were used to characterize the paint removal effect. The results show that the SiC abrasive particles used in mechanical sanding not only embedded in the paint removal surface ， but also damaged the chemical structure of the paint layer polymer ， resulting in a significant increase in the content of Si ， N-H ， and -CH ， which could not avoid the substrate damage. After the sandblasting pressure of sandblast paint removal method was increased from 0.1 MPa to 0.3 MPa and 0.5 MPa ， the diameter of the impact crater on the surface of the paint removal increased and the surface roughness increased from 7.89 μ m to 14.27 μ m and 13.29 μ m respectively ， which resulted in a large error that could not guarantee the process quality of the repainting. The laser paint removal method could finely control the paint removal process ， and when the heat input was controlled to be 50.4 J/cm 2 ， the surface paint layer was almost completely removed and there was no obvious damage to the surface of the substrate.This study proves that laser paint removal as an emerging paint removal process has the advantages of high efficiency ， controllable parameters ， real-time monitoring ， etc. ， and has certain application value and development potential in the industrial field.
参考文献/References:
[1] Chen Y, Deng G L, Zhou Q, et al. Acoustic signal monitoring in laser paint cleaning[J]. Laser Physics, 2020, 30(6): 066001.
[2] Kim J E, Han M S, Kim J D. Removal characteristics of shop-primer paint by laser energy density in Q-switching fiber laser cleaning[J]. Modern Physics Letters B, 2020, 34(7): 2040042.
[3] Gomes V, Dionísio A, Pozo-Antonio J S, et al. Mechanical and laser cleaning of spray graffiti paints on a granite subjected to a SO 2 -rich atmosphere[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2018, 188: 621-632.
[4] 张光星 , 华学明 , 李芳 , 等 . 激光除锈、除漆的研究与应用现状 [J]. 热加工工艺 , 2019, 48(18): 1-8.
[5] Autric M L, Oltra R. Basic processes of pulsed laser materials interaction: applications to laser cleaning of oxidized surfaces[C]//Jarmila Kodymova. XV International Symposi μ m on Gas Flow, Chemical Lasers, and High-Power Lasers. The United States: SPIE, 2005, 5777: 982-985.
[6] Bedair S M, Smith H P. Atomically clean surfaces by pulsed laser bombardment[J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 1969, 40(12): 4776-4781.
[7] Han J, Cui X, Wang S, et al. Laser effects based optimal laser parameter identifications for paint removal from metal substrate at 1064nm: a multi-pulse model[J]. Journal of Modern Optics, 2017, 64(19): 1-13.
[8] D’Addona D M, Genna S, Giordano A, et al. Laser ablation of primer during the welding process of iron plate for shipbuilding industry[J]. Procedia Cirp, 2015(33): 464-469.
[9] Li X, Zhang Q, Zhou X, et al. The influence of nanosecond laser pulse energy density for paint removal[J]. Optik, 2018(156): 841-846.
[10] 胡太友 , 乔红超 , 陆莹 , 等 . 激光除漆对 Ti17 合金表面组织性能的影响 [J]. 表面技术 , 2018, 47(3): 7-12.
[11] Fecsik P W, Miller B T. Carbon dioxide pulsed gas laser-based paint decoating at raytheon missile systems: stripping method offers viable alternative to other options[J]. Metal Finishing, 2006, 104(9): 10-16.
[12] Madhukar Y K, Mullick S, Shukla D K, et al. Effect of laser operating mode in paint removal with a fiber laser[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2013(264): 892-901.
[13] 杨文锋 , 李庆 , 李绍龙 , 等 . 激光除漆对铝合金飞机蒙皮微观组织影响 [EB/OL]. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/50.1083.TG.20230927.1724.022, 2023-09-28.
[14] 李强 , 赵子铭 , 刘伟军 , 等 . 激光除漆对铝合金基材表面质量的影响 [EB/OL]. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/50.1083.TG.20230815.0848.004, 2023-08-15.
[15] 田野 , 赵永岗 , 刘春伟 , 等 . 阿洛丁 1200S 化学氧化膜耐蚀性影响因素探讨 [J]. 航空科学技术 , 2014(1): 51-53.
[16] 王志兴 . 激光除漆对铝合金蒙皮重涂性能的影响研究 [D]. 广汉 : 中国民用航空飞行学院 , 2023.
[17] 吴丽雄 , 叶锡生 , 刘泽金 . 聚氨酯黑漆的红外激光损伤机理研究 [J]. 中国激光 , 2011, 38(3): 13-17.
[18] Zhao H C, Qiao Y L, Du X, et al. Paint removal with pulsed laser: theory simulation and mechanism analysis[J]. Applied Sciences, 2019, 9(24): 5500.
[19] B?uerle D. Laser Processing and Chemistry[M]. Berlin: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011.
[20] 江茫 , 徐进军 , 刘珂嘉 , 等 . 飞机蒙皮激光除漆技术工程化应用的现状与展望 ( 特邀 )[J]. 红外与激光工程 , 2023, 52(2): 69-82.
备注/Memo
收稿日期： 2023-10-09 修回日期： 2023-12-20 作者简介： 杨岭（ 1970 —），男，大学本科，高级经济师，主要从事海洋工程工作， email ： yangling18 @petrochina.com.cn * 通信作者： 隋泽寰，男，中国民航大学硕士研究生，主要从事结构与材料方向研究， email ： suizehuan@foxmail.com?/html>