软装设计用铜合金的表面Ni-W-P镀层与性能研究

针对软装设计用铜合金复杂服役环境的使用需求，为解决铜合金表面硬度低、耐腐蚀性能差等问题，采用化学镀的方法在软装设计用铜合金表面制备了 Ni-W-P 镀层。研究了 Na ₂ WO ₄ 浓度对化学镀层沉积速率、表面形貌、物相组成、硬度和耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明：随着 Na ₂ WO ₄ 浓度从 15 g/L 增加至 65 g/L ，铜合金表面镀层的沉积速率先增后减，在 Na ₂ WO ₄ 浓度为 35 g/L 时取得最大值。镀层中 P 元素含量逐渐减小， W 元素含量先增加后减小。不同 Na ₂ WO ₄ 浓度的镀层中都可见 Ni 和 Ni ₅ P ₄ 衍射峰，镀层硬度高于未添加 Na ₂ WO ₄ 的镀层。且随着 Na ₂ WO ₄ 浓度增加，镀层硬度先增后减，在 Na ₂ WO ₄ 浓度为 35 g/L 时取得最大值。随着 Na ₂ WO ₄ 浓度从 15 g/L 上升至 65 g/L ，铜合金表面镀层的腐蚀电位先正向移动后负向移动，腐蚀电流密度先减小后增大。在 Na ₂ WO ₄ 浓度为 35 g/L 时，取得腐蚀电流密度最小值和电荷转移电阻最大值。电化学阻抗谱与极化曲线测试结果相吻合， Na ₂ WO ₄ 浓度为 35 g/L 时具有最佳的耐腐蚀性能。

In response to the complex service environment requirements of copper alloys used in soft decoration design ， in order to solve the problems of low surface hardness and poor corrosion resistance of copper alloys ， a Ni-W-P coating was prepared on the surface of copper alloy for soft decoration design using chemical plating method. The effects of Na ₂ WO ₄ concentration on the deposition rate ， surface morphology ， phase composition ， hardness ， and corrosion resistance of the chemical coating were studied. The results show that as the concentration of Na ₂ WO ₄ increases from 15 g/L to 65 g/L ， the deposition rate of the copper alloy surface coating first increases and then decreases ， the maximum value is achieved at a Na ₂ WO ₄ concentration of 35 g/L. The P element content in the coating gradually decreases ， while the W element content first increases and then decreases. Ni and Ni ₅ P ₄ diffraction peaks can be observed in coatings with different concentrations of Na ₂ WO ₄ . The hardness of the coating is higher than that of the coating without Na ₂ WO ₄ added. As the concentration of Na ₂ WO ₄ increases ， the hardness of the coating first increases and then decreases ， reaching its maximum value at a Na ₂ WO ₄ concentration of 35 g/L. As the concentration of Na ₂ WO ₄ increases from 15g /L to 65 g/L ， the corrosion potential of the copper alloy surface coating first moves forward and then moves negative ， and the corrosion current density first decreases and then increases.When the concentration of Na ₂ WO ₄ is 35 g/L ， the minimum corrosion current density and the maximum charge transfer resistance are obtained. The electrochemical impedance spectrum and polarization curve test results are consistent ， indicating that Na ₂ WO ₄ has the best corrosion resistance when the concentration is 35 g/L.