[1]李 翔,邵 昆*,王晓阳,等.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3849.2025.10.014激光表面改性技术研究现状[J].电镀与精饰,2025,(10):98-111.
　Li Xiang,Shao Kun*,Wang Xiaoyang,et al.Overview of laser surface modification technology[J].Plating & Finishing,2025,(10):98-111.
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3849.2025.10.014激光表面改性技术研究现状()

《电镀与精饰》[ISSN:1001-3849/CN:12-1096/TG]

卷:
期数:
2025年10
页码:
98-111
栏目:
出版日期:
2025-10-31

文章信息/Info

Title:
Overview of laser surface modification technology
作者:
李 翔1; 2; 邵 昆3*; 王晓阳3; 陈雪辉2; 4; 陈远龙5
(1. 安徽职业技术大学 智能制造学院,安徽 合肥 230011 ;2. 高端装备关键摩擦副安徽省重点实验室,安徽 合肥 230088 ;3. 湖北汽车工业学院 汽车工程学院,湖北 十堰 442002 ;4. 安徽建筑大学 机械与电气工程学院,安徽 合肥 230601 ;5. 合肥工业大学 机械工程学院,安徽 合肥 230009)
Author(s):
Li Xiang1; 2;  Shao Kun3*;  Wang Xiaoyang3;  Chen Xuehui2; 4;  Chen Yuanlong5
(1. School of Intelligent Manufacturing, Anhui University of Applied Technology, Hefei 230011, China; 2. Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Critical Friction Pair for Advanced Equipment, Hefei 230088, China; 3. School of Automobile Engineering, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan 442002, China; 4. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China; 5. School of Mechanical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China)
关键词:
激光表面改性; 工艺参数; 微观结构; 表面性能
Keywords:
laser surface modification;  process parameters;  microstructure;  surface properties
分类号:
TG665
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
高表面性能(硬度、耐腐蚀性和耐磨性等)的关键零部件是保证装备高效稳定服役的关键。为提高关键零部件表面性能，物理沉积、化学沉积和等离子喷涂等传统表面改性技术在提高零部件表面性能方面具有一定强化作用，但存在成本高、改性层与基体的结合强度低等缺点。随着激光表面改性技术的发展，其在提高零部件表面性能中得到了广泛应用。激光表面改性技术利用聚焦激光束熔化基体表面或基体表面的材料后，在基体表面形成具有特殊性能的改性层，能提高基体表面性能。该技术具有改性层组织均匀且致密、与基体结合强度好且制备周期短等优势。以激光表面改性技术为主线，介绍了激光表面熔覆、激光表面合金化和激光表面重熔等表面改性技术的原理。在此基础上，重点综述了工艺参数，如激光功率、激光扫描速度和合金元素等对改性层形貌特征、组织性能的影响，阐述了改性层-基体界面处的元素扩散对改性层的强化机理；对比分析了三种激光表面改性技术的优缺点，探讨了激光表面改性过程中需要解决的理论问题和技术瓶颈；展望了激光表面改性技术今后的发展趋势和工程应用前景。
Abstract:
Key components with high surface properties (hardness, corrosion resistance and wear resistance, etc.) are the core to ensure efficient and stable service of equipment. To improve the surface properties of key components, traditional surface modification techniques such as physical deposition, chemical deposition and plasma spraying have certain reinforcing effects in improving the surface properties of components. However, the high cost and low bonding strength between the modified layer and the substrate exist in these traditional surface modification techniques. With the development of laser technology, laser surface modification technology, as a new type of surface modification technology, is widely used to improve the surface properties of parts and components and other fields. Laser surface modification technology utilizes a high energy density laser beam to instantaneously heat and melt the surface of the substrate or the material on the surface of the substrate and cool it at high speed to form a modified layer with special properties on the surface of the substrate, which improves the surface properties of the substrate. The modified layer prepared by this technology has the advantages of uniform and dense organization, good bonding strength with the substrate and short cycle time. Laser surface modification technology is introduced as the main line, the principles of laser surface cladding, laser surface alloying and laser surface remelting are presented. On this basis, the influence of process parameters, such as laser power, laser scanning speed and alloying elements, on the morphology and organization of the modified layer are reviewed. The advantages and disadvantages of the three laser surface modification technologies are comparatively analyzed and the strengthening mechanism of the modified layer by element diffusion at the modified layer-substrate interface is elaborated. The theoretical problems and technical bottlenecks to be solved in the process of laser surface modification are discussed. The future research work and engineering application prospect of laser surface modification technology are prospected

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加强激光表面改性基础理论研究
更新日期/Last Update: 2025-10-17